Loneliness, as an emotional and social experience, has in recent years emerged as a central concept in cultural and cinematic analysis. Focusing on the representation of women's and men's loneliness in four Iranian films—Parviz, Won't You Cry? Under the Smoky Roof and Nahid—this study seeks to address the question of how loneliness is represented in relation to gender and social structures, and what differences exist between its feminine and masculine patterns. The conceptual framework of the study is grounded in four principal approaches: representation theory, the cultural-psychological theory of affect with particular emphasis on the philosophies of Spinoza and Deleuze, the concept of hegemonic masculinity, and the theory of emotional labor. This framework makes it possible to examine loneliness not as an individual psychological condition but as a discursively, gendered, and institutionally constructed phenomenon. Employing a qualitative research design based on thematic analysis, the study identifies, extracts, and codes film sequences depicting experiences of loneliness. The findings indicate that masculine loneliness predominantly arises from either the inability to achieve or the excessive pursuit of the ideals of hegemonic masculinity, leading to communicative dysfunction, social isolation, and, in some cases, violence. By contrast, feminine loneliness is characterized as gradual, cumulative, and structurally embedded, becoming consolidated through emotional labor, silence, and legal as well as familial constraints. The study therefore concludes that loneliness in these films should be understood not merely as a psychological condition but as a consequence of the gender order and broader social mechanisms that shape the subjectivities of women and men in distinct ways.