Mohammad Abbaszadeh; mirdavood hashemi
Abstract
The invisible poor is an anecdote about the lives of a group of educated people in urban areas that do not seem to be impoverished. The invisible poor are people who have an income but no savings; they can just scrape by for three to four months; they are officially employed with a minimal wage and may ...
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The invisible poor is an anecdote about the lives of a group of educated people in urban areas that do not seem to be impoverished. The invisible poor are people who have an income but no savings; they can just scrape by for three to four months; they are officially employed with a minimal wage and may have many jobs; they are geographically urban but live in the city's slums. The goal of this qualitative study is to gain a better understanding of the participants' meanings and perceptions of the phenomenon of poverty. The subjects of the study were university personnel; the sampling strategy was theoretical, and the sampling technique was purposeful. The data on the meaning of poverty were analyzed using theoretical coding and then placed into five main categories, such as the burial of dreams, a sense of shame, geographical stigma, chronic physical anguish, and poverty with a sense of powerlessness—the production of tame and submissive bodies. The analysis of the macro-background causes resulted in four conceptual categories: family and broken wings of flight, social acceptance of poverty, network poverty on the outskirts of the city, and institutional invisibility. The micro-causes included two main categories: the culture of poverty and sympathizing with friends.
lida balilan asl; zahra kafashian; moloud eghbali; Mirdavood Hashemi
Abstract
Investigative the Effect of photographs, stamps and postcards on the Wall Paintings in Qajar houses of Tabriz (case study: Hariri House of Tabriz) Abstract During the Qajar rule, communication with Europe increasingly was done. Sending Iranian artists to Europe And entry of elements such as postcards, ...
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Investigative the Effect of photographs, stamps and postcards on the Wall Paintings in Qajar houses of Tabriz (case study: Hariri House of Tabriz) Abstract During the Qajar rule, communication with Europe increasingly was done. Sending Iranian artists to Europe And entry of elements such as postcards, Stamp and Finally, the invention of a photographic camera causes a profound chang On the attitude of Iranian artists, especially painters. This article was done In order to answer this fundamental question: Elements such as photos, postcards and stamps What has influenced Iranian art? This article was done in a comparative-historical method. Also Field studies was done with presence in place And record graffiti. The result of the studies showed: In most wall art topics, Features of Western art It can be seen. How to stand, The type of women's dress, Can be mentioned And the reasons for this effect are the entry of a photographic camera, postcards and stamps.
