Journal of Culture-Communication Studies

Journal of Culture-Communication Studies

Standardization for motion picture judging using the tacit knowledge of judges and experts

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
1 Professor of the Radio Department of the University of Broadcasting and Broadcasting. khojasteh@iribu.ac.ir Orcid id: 0000-0001-5854-7533
2 Lecturer at Islamic Azad University and Ahad International University of Kish and Tehran School of News lrz.dabbagh@gmail.com orcid id: 0000-0003-3370-1738
Abstract
Introduction: Despite the importance of evaluating and judging cultural and artistic products, the lack of objective and clear criteria in film festivals, especially in Fajr Film Festival, has caused a lot of complaints and confusion among artists, and this important cultural, artistic and has faced many challenges.
Objective: The first question that must be answered to evaluate movies is, what are the criteria for evaluating or judging the film? Unfortunately, there is no clear answer in this regard, and judges always use their knowledge and lived experience in judging without a brief or extensive explanation of the reasons for choosing or not choosing a film. Even if the arbitrator or group of arbitrators change, the selections and results of the arbitrator may also change. The reason for this is the lack of clear criteria for judging. Therefore, each judge makes criteria for himself based on the findings and aesthetic criteria he has for an art product and judges based on that. For this reason, in this research, an effort has been made to achieve the goal of turning the tacit knowledge of film festival judges and cinema experts into objective and explicit knowledge and providing clear criteria for evaluating movies and their jobs.
Method: This research has a qualitative approach and has used "database theory" as a research method. For this purpose, by using interviews, which is the most common method of extracting tacit knowledge at the individual level, the opinions of a group of experts related to the field of filmmaking, who have the record of judging various festivals, were collected, categorized and analyzed. placed
Results: Based on the collected data, criteria and indicators have been determined for each of the awards for the main filmmaking jobs. These criteria, which can be used in film festivals, are as follows in each section:
Production: attention to the cultural needs of the society, creativity, importance of the subject, issues affecting the society, audience friendliness
Cinematography: framing, image aesthetics, paying attention to the world of the text, helping the director to create the desired atmosphere, mastering the tools and technology, light and technique
Screenwriting: importance of idea and subject, characterization, power of dialogue, plot, structure
Direction: creativity, decoupage, mise-en-scène, story processing, paying attention to the cultural priorities of society
 Acting: mastery of the body and physical capacities in playing a role, awareness of one's individual capacity, mastery of speech in expressing dialogues,
Attention to the world of the script, attention to the hidden details of the role
Suggestions: Based on the obtained results, in addition to presenting a basic suggestion and two correction suggestions, the application of indicators for conducting the judging process in the Fajr Film Festival has been emphasized with two conditions in the structural reform of the selection of selected works: the first condition is that the indicators Creating should not cause a qualitative process to become quantitative, and another condition is that the creation of indexes should not be considered as a monitoring tool to apply the opinion of managers and influence the artistic view of judges. Considering the mentioned conditions, it is suggested that the evaluation criteria of the movies in the desired jobs should be specified and informed to the participants through discussion with the judges before the festival, and university professors or critics who, in addition to paying attention to The formalist approach, they also pay attention to theoretical minutes, should be used in the group of judges.
Keywords

منابع و مأخذ
اربابی، محمود. امین­فرد، احمد. کمالی، سیدمجید، بیرامی، مریم (1394). شاخص پژوهی سینما از منظر ذی‌نفعان و مخاطبین. سازمان فرهنگی هنری شهرداری تهران. مؤسسه نشر شهر.
الهی، شعبان؛ بهاریفر، علی (1383). «طراحی ساختار نظام مستندسازی تجربیات سازمانی مدیران». پژوهش‌های مدیریت در ایران. 9(20)، 23-52.
انصاری و حق‎شناس گرگابی(1395). شناسایی و تبیین عوامل کلیدی موفقیت دانش‌محور شدن شرکت‌های تولیدی ایران بر اساس روش نظریه زمینه‌ای.فصلنامه مدیریت توسعه فناوری، 4(2)، 41-74. doi:10.22104/jtdm.2017.1974.1686
بهلولی فسخودی، محسن.(1398). تحلیل نسبت دانش ضمنی با دانش صریح. فصلنامه ذهن. 20(80) 151-176.
جعفری مقدم، سعید (1386). مستندسازی تجربیات مدیران از دیدگاه مدیریت دانش، چاپ دوم، تهران: موسسه تحقیقات و آموزش مدیریت.
خجسته، حسن.( 1393). مدیریت رسانه. نشر تیسا.
رضویان، علی و متولیان، علی (1385). «دانش مدیریت کسب‌وکار، دستاوردها و چالش‌های صنعت پتروشیمی ایران»، ویژه‌نامه دومین کنفرانس بین‌المللی فناوری اطلاعات و توسعه، تهران، 1-11.
 مکوندی، محمد، مهرعلی زاده، یدالله و حسین پور، محمد(1397). شناسایی و تبیین چگونگیِ استخراج و مستندسازی دانش ضمنی کارکنان و مدیران شرکت‌های تولیدیِ منطقۀ آزاد اروند با استفاده از نظریۀ داده‌بنیاد. فصلنامه کتابداری و اطلاع‌رسانی، 21(4)، 162-200.  doi: 10.30481/lis.2019.76999
نظافتی، نادر؛ رشیدی، محمد و قیچی‌فرد، مراد.(1395). «تکنیک‌های کامپارس و استخراج دانش یک روش ساختاری»، دانش چشم‌انداز مدیریت عمومی، شماره 14،‌63-86.
ویمر، راجر، دی. دومینیک، جوزف، آر (1384). تحقیق در رسانه‌های جمعی، کاووس سیدامامی، تهران: انتشارات سروش و مرکز تحقیقات، مطالعات و سنجش برنامه­ای.
Cavusgil, Calantone and zhao, 2003, Tacit Knowledge Transfer and Firm Innovation Capability, Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 18(1):6-21 · February 2003. doi.org/10.1108/08858620310458615.  
convenience-sampling (2009). Retrieved October19, 2019. https://explorable.com/convenience-sampling 
Mathieu Chris, Barstelsen Marianne (2011). Creativity at work: Film festival prize juries, Copenhagen Business school. December 2011.24-69.
McAdam,Mason & McCrory(2007), Exploring the dichotomies within the tacit knowledge literature: towards a process of tacit knowing in organizations.journal of knowledge.10April2007.47-51.
   Polanyi. M, (1958). Personal Knowledge, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.
Arbabi, Mahmoud. Amin Fard, Ahmed. Kamali, Sidmjid, Bayrami, Maryam. (2014). Cinema research index from the point of view of stakeholders and audiences. Tehran Municipal Art Cultural Organization. Shahr Publication Institute. [in Persian]
Elahi, Sha'ban; Baharif, Ali (2004). "Designing the structure of the system for documenting managers' organizational experiences". Management studies in Iran, volume 9, number 20, October 2014, 52-23. [in Persian]
Ansari and Haqkhonas Gregabi. (2015). Identifying and explaining the key success factors of knowledge-oriented manufacturing companies in Iran based on grounded theory method. Technology Development Management Quarterly, Volume 4. Number 2, 41-74. doi:10.22104/jtdm.2017.1974.1686. [in Persian]
 Bohlooli Faskhudi, Mohsen. (2018). Analyzing the ratio of tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge. Mind Quarterly. Winter 2018 No. 80, 176-151. [in Persian]
 Jafari Moghadam, Saeed, 2016, Documenting the experiences of managers from the perspective of knowledge management, Tehran: Management Research and Training Institute, second edition.. [in Persian]
Khojaste, Hassan. (2013). Media management. Tisa publication. [in Persian]
Razavian, Ali and Mutolian, Ali. (2015). "Business management knowledge, achievements and challenges of Iran's petrochemical industry", the second international conference on information technology and development, Tehran, 1-11. [in Persian]
Makvandi, Mohammad, Mehralizadeh, Yadullah and Hosseinpour, Mohammad. (2017). Identifying and explaining how to extract and document the tacit knowledge of employees and managers of manufacturing companies in Azad Arvand region using data base theory. Library and Information Quarterly. Volume 21, Number 4 - Serial Number 84 Winter 2017. 162-200. doi: 10.30481/lis.2019.76999. [in Persian]
 Rashidi, Mohammad and Ghaichifard, Murad. (2015). "Compares techniques and knowledge extraction of a structural method", Public Management Perspective Knowledge, No. 14, 63-86.[in Persian]
Wimmer, Roger, D. Dominic, Joseph, R. (2004). Research in Mass Media, Kavos Seyyed Emami, Tehran: Soroush Publications and Programmatic Research, Studies and Evaluation Center. [in Persian]