طرحواره‌های حافظه نسلی از جنگ ایران و عراق

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری جامعه‌شناسی مسائل اجتماعی ایران دانشگاه مازندران

2 دانشیار جامعه‌شناسی گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه مازندران

چکیده

حافظه نسلی از جنگ ایران و عراق به معنای حافظه به اشتراک گذاشته شده توسط افرادی است که تجربه مشترک آنها از جنگ در دوره تاریخی مشابه به دیدگاههایشان شکل داده است. واقعیت اساسی حافظه نسلی آن است که نسلهای مختلف، رویدادهای گذشته را بهگونهای متفاوت تفسیر و یاد میکنند. بدیننحو، واقعه اثرگذاری چون جنگ ایران و عراق میتواند بهعنوان نقطهای کانونی در بازتولید بازنماییهای جمعی از گذشته عمل کند و ذهنیت نسلی را حول درک و معنای مشترک از آن در شرایط کنونی جامعه صورتبندی نماید. برای مفهومپردازی از حافظه نسلی از جنگ، پس از مرور بر مدلهای فردگرایانه و جمعگرایانه از حافظه جمعی و بیان کاستیهای روششناختی آنها، از مدل جدید شناختی برای بررسی مکانیسمهای شکلدهنده به حافظه نسلی از جنگ استفاده شد. در این مدل، حافظه جمعی بهعنوان یک ساخت معرفتی و بهصورت طرحوارههای حافظهای موجود در سطح فرافردی از زندگی اجتماعی، محصول شناختی تعامل اجتماعی افراد مرتبط باهم به لحاظ فرهنگی، در میان ابژههای فرهنگی است. روششناسی غالب تحقیق، روش کیفی بوده، برای گردآوری دادهها از تکنیک مصاحبه عمیق و نیمه ساختار یافته و برای تحلیل دادهها از روش تحلیل موضوعی استفاده شده است. کاربست روش تحلیل به ما این امکان را داد تا سنخ شناسیای از ساختهای معرفتی مشترکی که افراد در هر گروه نسلی برای فهم و معنای وقایع و پدیدههای مرتبط با جنگ استفاده میکنند، به دست آید. این ساختهای معرفتی مشترک بهعنوان طرحوارههای حافظه نسلی از جنگ، نمایانگر نحوه بازنمایی جنگ ایران و عراق در میان دو نسل دارای حافظه اتوبیوگرافیک و حافظه تاریخی از جنگ هستند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Generational Memory Schemata of the Iran-Iraq War

نویسندگان [English]

  • mohammadmahdi Farzbod 1
  • Heidar Janalizadeh Choobbasti 2
1 Ph.D in Sociology at University of Mazandaran (Corresponding Author)
2 Associate Professor of Sociology, Departmet of Social Sciences, University of Mazandaran
چکیده [English]

The generational memory of
the Iran-Iraq war is meant to be the memory shared by those whose collective
experience of war has shaped their views in the same period of history. The
fundamental fact of generational memory is that different generations interpret
and remember past events in varied ways. Thus, the incident as effective as the
Iran-Iraq war can act as a focal point in the reproduction of collective
representations of the past, and in the present conditions of the society can
configure the mentality of the generation around the understanding and common
sense of war. For a conceptualization of generational memory of war, after an
overview of individualistic and collectivist models of collective memory and
the expression of deficiency in their methodological strategies, a new model of
cognitive sociology was used to examine the mechanisms of generational memory’s
production. In this model, collective memory as a knowledge structures and in
the form of memory schemata which exists at a supra-individual level of social
life, is cognitive by-product of the social interaction of culturally related
individuals with each other amongcultural objects. The dominant methodology of research has been qualitative
method, the technique of deep and semi-structured interview has been used for
data collection, and the method of thematic analysis was used for data
analysis. The application of the analysis method allowed us to obtain a
typology of common knowledge structures that individuals in each group
generation can use to understand the meaning of events and phenomena associated
with warfare. These common knowledge structures, as generational memory
schemata of the war indicate that how two generations with autobiographical and
historical memories of war represent the Iran-Iraq war.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • generational memory
  • autobiographical memory
  • historical memory
  • memory schemata
  • Iran-Iraq war
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