تحول تاریخی مفاهیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار دانشکده ادبیات دانشگاه تهران.

چکیده

] برای معناپژوهیِ واژة «ارشاد» می‌توان یک فرهنگ فارسی ـ عربی را گشود و معنای آن را استخراج کرد. اگر بخواهیم بیشتر بررسی کنیم، می‌توانیم در فرهنگ‌های دیگر فارسی ـ عربی، معنای این واژه را جست‌وجو کنیم. این راهی ساده و البته غیرمحققانه است که نتیجة آن را نمی‌توان مهملی برای ابتنای یک فعالیت پژوهشی قرار داد. این فعالیت نه مورد تأیید علم زبان‌شناسی و معناشناسی است و نه، همان‌گونه که خواهیم دید، در بستر جریان‌های تاریخی ـ اجتماعی که تغییراتی را در معانی و مفاهیم سبب می‌شوند، قابل توجیه است. «تحول تاریخی مفاهیم» بیانگر این واقعیت مهم است که معانی و مفاهیم زبان در طول تاریخ دچار تحول می‌شوند و چنین نیست که ما می‌پنداریم یک واژه، همواره و در همة زمان‌ها به یک معنا به‌کار برده شده است.
در این نوشتار، برای نحوة مطالعة تحول تاریخی مفاهیم، مقدماتی در اختیار پژوهش‌گران و علاقه‌مندان به این مسئله قرار گرفته است[.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Historical Transition of Concepts

نویسنده [English]

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چکیده [English]

For researching the meaning of “Ershad”, we can just open a Farsi- Arabic dictionary and find its meaning. If we want to do something more, we can find the meaning of this word in other Farsi -Arabic dictionaries. This is a simple and of course non-scholarly way and its result are not reliable for a studious pursuit. This pursuit is not confirmed by the sciences of linguistics and semantics, as well as, as we will see, it is not justifiable at the history-sociology processes that cause some changes in meanings and concepts.
“Historical transition of Concepts” represents this important fact that the meaning and concepts of language will be evolved during history and it is not as we thought that a word had been used in the same meaning all the time.
Epistemologically, “historical transition of concepts” has a rigid link with how we study this transition. Here we don’t propose to investigate the result of this speech that epistemology anticipates ontology or vise versa. Rather, the point is if we want to offer any evidence for this transition first should think about how to find such evidences and choose an approach for studying its transitions in history process.
At this paper some arrangements about the way of studying historical transition of concepts have been accommodated to researchers and those who care.
First we should know what is the meaning? What is concept? What is the link of the meaning with concept? What is the link of the meaning and concepts with referent? Then we should codify our searching pursuit steps for such research and find well approach for investigating historical transition of concepts.
Principal issue, “the meaning of Islamic Ershad”, should be listed through studying historical transition of concepts by knowing generalities of how studying historical transition of concepts. According to mentioned issues at the end of this paper by asking some questions about the meaning of Islamic Ershad, we have tried to qualify primary issues for preceding the issue of the meaning of Islamic Ershad as lead to a well-rounded searching scheme.