Mohammad Abbaszadeh; mirdavood hashemi
Abstract
The invisible poor is an anecdote about the lives of a group of educated people in urban areas that do not seem to be impoverished. The invisible poor are people who have an income but no savings; they can just scrape by for three to four months; they are officially employed with a minimal wage and may ...
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The invisible poor is an anecdote about the lives of a group of educated people in urban areas that do not seem to be impoverished. The invisible poor are people who have an income but no savings; they can just scrape by for three to four months; they are officially employed with a minimal wage and may have many jobs; they are geographically urban but live in the city's slums. The goal of this qualitative study is to gain a better understanding of the participants' meanings and perceptions of the phenomenon of poverty. The subjects of the study were university personnel; the sampling strategy was theoretical, and the sampling technique was purposeful. The data on the meaning of poverty were analyzed using theoretical coding and then placed into five main categories, such as the burial of dreams, a sense of shame, geographical stigma, chronic physical anguish, and poverty with a sense of powerlessness—the production of tame and submissive bodies. The analysis of the macro-background causes resulted in four conceptual categories: family and broken wings of flight, social acceptance of poverty, network poverty on the outskirts of the city, and institutional invisibility. The micro-causes included two main categories: the culture of poverty and sympathizing with friends.
Mohamadm Abbaszadeh; Samad Adlipour; Tavakol Aghayari Hir; Mohammad Bagher Alizadeh Aghdam,
Abstract
Family sociologists believe that modernization is the most important factor in family transformations of developing countries. After the appearance of modernization in Iran, the family institution has experienced many changes in recent decades. After the Iranian Revolution, many policies and programs ...
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Family sociologists believe that modernization is the most important factor in family transformations of developing countries. After the appearance of modernization in Iran, the family institution has experienced many changes in recent decades. After the Iranian Revolution, many policies and programs have been implemented to protect the family from the challenges of modernization. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to study the changes and transformations of the family in the context of modernization and its impact on Iran's policy makings in the field of family. The research is conducted by a qualitative method and the grounded theory approach has been used as the operational method of the research. The statistical sample of the research includes the citizens and the experts of Tabriz city. The sampling strategy is theoretical and the sampling method is purposeful. The findings indicate that modernization has made some changes in family patterns, in marriage rules, in family practices, in attitudes and patterns of childbearing, balance of power in the family, in leisure patterns and in attitudes and patterns of divorce. Also, the policies adopted by the governments after the revolution were not able to address the harms and challenges of the family. These policies are associated with some problems such as lack of a non-comprehensive policies or holistic approach to the family, having a harm-oriented approach to the family, existence of gnumerous family custodians, unclear family policies, unclear approaches achieving policies, ignoring family diversity, lack of a sociological insight into policies and the reduction of the semantic and conceptual meaning of the family to meet the basic needs.
