mohammad heydarpourklidsar; Mansoor Vossoughi; Baghar saroukhani; mostefa azkia
Abstract
This research aims to answer this basic question that what was the most important cultural barrier in second Pahlavi era that impeded the Iran society in reaching political development? Also what were second Pahlavi´s main actions in depriving Iran society from achieving political development? ...
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This research aims to answer this basic question that what was the most important cultural barrier in second Pahlavi era that impeded the Iran society in reaching political development? Also what were second Pahlavi´s main actions in depriving Iran society from achieving political development? This article inspired by Weber´s approach in importance of culture and also by Engelhardt´s revised renewal approach by using historical and documentary research methods. To do this research, we have referred actual and virtual libraries and we have done analytical inspection and taking notes from books and original documents related to the subject of this research and conducting analysis accompanied with Meta-analysis. Findings showed that dictatorship and authoritarian culture governing over society and political system and autocratic and dictatorship management of Mohammad Reza Shah toward different institutions in society, suppression of civil society, sever censorship over publishing books and newspapers, dissolution of independent cultural and social associations and critical political parties which dependent on new middle class, and also interrupting free dynamic, critical intellectual flow, were among the most important cultural barrier of political development and failure of Iran´s society in reaching political development in second Pahlavi’s era.
mohammad heydarpourklidsar; Mansoor Vossoughi; baghar saroukhani; mostefa azkia
Abstract
This study with the title of “analysis of cultural barriers for political development of Iran: Second Pahlavi era” aims to respond to this important question that what are the most significant cultural barriers of Second Pahlavi era that impede Iran’s society in pursuit of reaching ...
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This study with the title of “analysis of cultural barriers for political development of Iran: Second Pahlavi era” aims to respond to this important question that what are the most significant cultural barriers of Second Pahlavi era that impede Iran’s society in pursuit of reaching political development? Hence in order to gather relevant data and analyze historical evidences, historical and Analytical study methods were undertaken, by referring to actual and virtual libraries accompanied with scrutinizing valid documents, books and other relevant references. The findings of this study indicate that the governing dictatorship culture across the society and kingdom structure, absence of scientific and logical mentality, lack of questioning and criticizing attitude in society, weakness of civil society, strong presence of superstitious and traditional believes in context of society, dearth of affability and tolerance culture, lack of an original national liberal intellectual movement and authoritarianism management of Mohammad Reza Shah over various organizations and repressing civil society, political parties and critic sociological constitutions dependent to middle age traditional and contemporary class, closing critical journals and imposing heavy censorship on journals and other mass media beside suppressing dynamic intellectual movements, inhibit Iran’s society in reaching political development during Second Pahlavi era.
Mansoor Vossoughi; Ehsan Rahmani Khalili
Volume 15, Issue 26 , December 2014, , Pages 209-233
Abstract
Social capital comprises a set of relationships, networks, interactions, associations and organizations formed by shared norms and values which warm the human society and facilitate social interaction. Some media experts consider it as a means of spreading "social capital”. Accordingly, the objectives ...
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Social capital comprises a set of relationships, networks, interactions, associations and organizations formed by shared norms and values which warm the human society and facilitate social interaction. Some media experts consider it as a means of spreading "social capital”. Accordingly, the objectives of this paper were: Investigation of the extent and impact of watching television and surfing on the internet on social capital and the dimensions of quality (trust and reciprocal dealing) and network structure (formal/informal, and the size and capacity of the network). The approach of the present paper is relational casual and the survey method was used among 391 residents of Tehran. The social capital variables was measured inspired by Stone's model after localization and the variable of media consumption via the amount of time spent on TV and the internet. Some of the findings of the study based on Pearson’s correlation coefficient indicated that the time spent on watching television or surfing on the internet has a positive and significant relationship with social capital. In casual study by regression test of the two variables, the time spent on surfing on the internet had the greatest impact.
